Human rights, violations and neglect of native peoples in Brazil

Abstract

The article addresses the persistent violation of indigenous people’s human rights in Brazil from colonization to the present day. Despite legal measures and organizations to protect them, these people continue to face racism, discrimination, and unequal access to public services. The objective is to analyze the conduct of the state regarding neglection of the constitutional rights of indigenous people, focusing on the impacts of these actions and omissions on their safety and quality of life. Using a deductive approach, a monographic procedure, and documentary and bibliographic analysis, the research explores the fundamental rights of indigenous people, the violation of the right to land, the concept of the temporal framework and the challenges faced by the Yanomami people during the Covid-19 pandemic. We conclude that, despite the rights guaranteed by the Constitution and the UN, indigenous people continue to suffer violations and negligence from the state, risking not only their safety and well-being, but also their existence and cultural traditions. Effective measures are needed to combat and prevent illegal invasions of demarcated areas, including enforcing environmental and indigenous rights, strengthening institutions responsible for protecting demarcated lands, and the active involvement of local communities and indigenous people in managing their lands. Concrete actions and inclusive policies are essential to guarantee the protection of territorial rights and to preserve the cultural diversity of indigenous people in Brazil.